Could you use a quick infusion of tax-free cash? Your life insurance policy may provide one. Here’s the really good thing: you don’t actually have to die to collect!
To access money from your life insurance policy without dying, you must have the correct type of policy. That would be a permanent life insurance policy that lasts your entire life. Examples are whole life, universal life, variable life, or indexed universal life. A cheap term life policy doesn’t provide any lifetime cash benefits.
Permanent life insurance includes a savings component. The insurance company puts a portion of your premiums into a cash value account, and this sum grows over time on a tax-deferred basis.
There are several different ways to tap into your policy’s cash value while you’re still alive:
(a) You can make partial withdrawals from your policy’s cash value account. Many insurers cap withdrawals at 75% to 90% of the total cash value. Withdrawals up to the account’s cost basis (total premiums paid) are tax-free. You pay tax at ordinary rates on withdrawals over your cost basis. You don’t have to repay the withdrawals, but they will reduce the policy’s death benefit if they are not repaid.
(b) You can surrender your policy to your insurer, who will pay the total amount of the cash value account, less fees (which can be substantial if the policy is less than 10 to 15 years old). The payment is taxable at ordinary income rates to the extent it exceeds the total premiums paid.
(c) You can take out loans from your insurer using your policy’s cash value as collateral. Such loans often have lower interest rates than bank loans, and they are tax-free. Borrowing from your insurer does not affect your policy’s cash value. It will continue to earn interest and grow tax-free. You are not required to repay the loan; however, if it remains unpaid, it will reduce your policy’s death benefit.
(d) You may be able to sell your policy to a third party, who will then make the premium payments and collect the death benefit when you die. This option is available only to older policyholders (over age 65) or those who are terminally ill or disabled. The sale proceeds for life settlements are taxable to the extent they exceed the premiums paid. But “viatical settlements” (those made by terminally ill or disabled policyholders) are tax-free.